Njengoba abanikazi bamapulazi elanga belwela ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokusebenza kahle kwemisebenzi yabo, izinketho zezintambo ze-DC azinakuzitshwa.Ngokulandela ukuchazwa kwamazinga e-IEC futhi kucatshangelwa izici ezinjengokuphepha, inzuzo ezinhlangothi zombili, umthamo wokuthwala ikhebula, ukulahleka kwekhebula nokwehla kwamandla kagesi, abanikazi bemishini bangakwazi ukunquma ikhebula elifanele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile nokuzinzile kuwo wonke umjikelezo wokuphila we-photovoltaic. uhlelo.
Ukusebenza kwamamojula welanga ensimini kuthinteka kakhulu izimo zemvelo.Isifunda esifushane samanje eshidini ledatha lemojula ye-PV sisekelwe ezimeni zokuhlola ezijwayelekile ezihlanganisa i-irradiance engu-1kw/m2, ikhwalithi yomoya we-spectral engu-1.5, kanye nezinga lokushisa leseli elingu-25 c.Idatha yeshidi lamanje alinaki indawo yamanje yangemuva yamamojula anezinhlangothi ezimbili, ngakho-ke ukuthuthukiswa kwamafu nezinye izici;Izinga lokushisa;I-irradiance ephezulu;I-overirradiance yangemuva yangemuva eqhutshwa yi-albedo ithinta kakhulu umjikelezo wangempela wesifunda esifushane samamojula we-photovoltaic.
Ukukhetha izinketho zekhebula zamaphrojekthi we-PV, ikakhulukazi amaphrojekthi anezinhlangothi ezimbili, kuhilela ukucabangela okuguquguqukayo okuningi.
Khetha ikhebuli efanele
Izintambo ze-Dc ziyigazi lezinhlelo ze-PV ngoba zixhuma amamojula ebhokisini lomhlangano kanye ne-inverter.
Umnikazi wesitshalo kumele aqinisekise ukuthi ubukhulu bekhebula bukhethwe ngokucophelela ngokuvumelana nesimanje kanye ne-voltage yesistimu ye-photovoltaic.Amakhebuli asetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ingxenye ye-DC yezinhlelo ze-PV ezixhunywe kugridi nazo zidinga ukumelana nezimo ezingase zibe ngokwedlulele zemvelo, amandla kagesi kanye nezimo zamanje.Lokhu kuhlanganisa umphumela wokushisa wenzuzo yamanje nelanga, ikakhulukazi uma ifakwe eduze kwemojuli.
Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile.
Idizayini yezintambo zokuhlala
Ekwakhiweni kwesistimu ye-PV, ukucatshangelwa kwezindleko zesikhathi esifushane kungaholela ekukhethweni okungalungile kwemishini futhi kuholele ezinkingeni zesikhathi eside zokuphepha nokusebenza, okuhlanganisa imiphumela eyinhlekelele njengomlilo.Lezi zici ezilandelayo zidinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela ukuze kuhlangatshezwane namazinga okuphepha kazwelonke kanye nekhwalithi:
Imikhawulo yokwehla kwamandla kagesi: Ukulahleka kwekhebula le-solar PV kufanele kukhawulelwe, okuhlanganisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-DC kuntambo yephaneli yelanga kanye nokulahlekelwa kwe-AC ekuphumeni kwe-inverter.Enye indlela yokukhawulela lokhu kulahlekelwa ukunciphisa ukwehla kwamandla kagesi kukhebula.Ukwehla kwamandla kagesi e-DC ngokuvamile kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-1% futhi kungabi ngaphezu kuka-2%.Ukwehla kwamandla kagesi aphezulu e-DC futhi kukhuphula ukuhlakazwa kwamandla kagesi wezintambo ze-PV ezixhunywe kusistimu efanayo yokulandela indawo yamandla (MPPT), okuholela ekulahlekeni okuphezulu kokungafani.
Ukulahleka kwekhebula: Ukuqinisekisa ukuphuma kwamandla, kunconywa ukuthi ukulahleka kwekhebula kuyo yonke intambo ye-low-voltage (kusuka kumojula kuya ku-transformer) kungeqi ku-2%, ngokufanelekile ku-1.5%.
Umthamo wamanje wokuthwala: Izici ezinciphisa ikhebula, njengendlela yokubeka ikhebula, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa, ibanga lokubeka, kanye nenani lezintambo ezihambisanayo, kuzonciphisa umthamo wamanje wokuthwala wekhebula.
I-IEC enezinhlangothi ezimbili ejwayelekile
Amazinga abalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwethembeka, ukuphepha kanye nekhwalithi yezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic, kuhlanganise nezintambo.Emhlabeni jikelele, kunamazinga amaningana amukelwayo okusetshenziswa kwezintambo ze-DC.Isethi ebanzi kakhulu yizinga le-IEC.
I-IEC 62548 ibeka izidingo zedizayini zama-photovoltaic arrays, okuhlanganisa izintambo ze-DC, izinto zokuvikela ugesi, amaswishi kanye nezidingo zomhlabathi.Uhlaka lwakamuva lwe-IEC 62548 lucacisa indlela yamanje yokubala yamamojula anezinhlangothi ezimbili.I-IEC 61215:2021 Iveza incazelo kanye nezidingo zokuhlola zamamojula we-photovoltaic anezinhlangothi ezimbili.Izimo zokuhlola i-solar irradiance yezingxenye ezihlangene kabili ziyethulwa.I-BNPI(i-nameplate irradiance enezinhlangothi ezimbili): Ingaphambili lemojula ye-PV ithola i-solar irradiance engu-1 kW/m2, kanti ngemuva ithola u-135 W/m2;I-BSI(i-Double-sideed stressirradiance), lapho imojula ye-PV ithola i-solar irradiance engu-1 kW/m2 ngaphambili kanye no-300 W/m2 ngemuva.
Ukuvikelwa kwamanje
Idivayisi yokuvikela i-overcurrent isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela izingozi ezingaba khona ezibangelwa ukugcwala ngokweqile, i-short circuit, noma iphutha eliphansi.Amadivayisi avame kakhulu okuvikela ama-overcurrent ama-circuit breaker nama-fuse.
Idivayisi yokuvikela i-overcurrent izosika isekethe uma i-reverse yamanje idlula inani lamanje lokuvikela, ngakho-ke okwamanje okuya phambili nokuhlehlayo okugeleza ngekhebula le-DC akusoze kwaba phezulu kunokwamanje olinganiselwe wedivayisi.Umthamo wokuthwala wekhebula le-DC kufanele ulingane nesilinganiso samanje sedivayisi yokuvikela i-overcurrent.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-22-2022